Setting up ofxOsc on Android (and general debugging on Android)

I don't use debugging but traditional line commenting. And I didn't implement any ofxOsc app. So unfortunately I don't have any idea about these subjects.

The only thing I know around your issues is the error code you are getting is an ANR. So I would focus on connection, threading and encoding problems. First of all I would check the manifest permissions are correct or not. You may need to add

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

permissions into your manifest.